4%Cr铸钢支承辊热处理工艺

以太钢1549轧机采用的4%Cr铸钢支承辊为依托,研究了该辊子从铸造成形到最终精加工之间的三次热处理工艺。最终达到其技术要求:辊身硬度65~70HS、淬硬层深≥70 mm、辊颈硬度42~48HS。     

Passive cooling in a low-energy office building

In office buildings, the use of passive cooling techniques combined with a reduced cooling load may result in a good thermal summer comfort and therefore save cooling energy consumption. This is shown in the low-energy office building ‘SD Worx’ in Kortrijk (Belgium), in which natural night ventilation and an earth-to-air heat exchanger are applied. In winter, the supply air is successively heated by the earth-to-air heat exchanger and the regenerative heat exchanger, which recovers the heat from the exhaust air. In summer, the earth-to-air heat exchanger cools the ventilation air by day. In addition, natural night ventilation cools down the exposed structure which has accumulated the heat of the previous day. In this article the overall thermal comfort in the office building is evaluated by means of measuring and simulation results. Measurements of summer 2002 are discussed and compared to simulations with a coupled thermal and ventilation simulation model TRNSYS-COMIS. The simulations are used to estimate the relative importance of the different techniques. The evaluation shows that passive cooling has an important impact on the thermal summer comfort in the building. Furthermore, natural night ventilation appears to be much more effective than an earth-to-air heat exchanger to improve comfort.     

Upper bounds for solar thermophotovoltaic efficiency

The main components of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices are the primary lens (or mirror), the absorber, the PV cell, and a photon recuperator system. A theory integrating all these components is used in this paper to analyse a particular type of TPV device (plane disk absorber and PV cell). The TPV efficiency is maximized by using three optimization parameters, namely absorber, PV cell temperatures, and cell voltage. Almost ideal operation conditions are envisaged and upper bounds are obtained for the TPV efficiency. They are strongly dependent on PV cell bandgap and radiation concentration. Preliminary results suggest the existence of an optimum solar radiation concentration ratio. The improvement in thermal design quality allows the usage of PV cells based on wide bandgap semiconductors.     

60Si2Mn合金钢发蓝泛红的分析研究

本文探讨了60Si2Mn合金钢发蓝原理，针对其膜层泛红问题，分析了热处理、表面前处理、发蓝及浸油等过程对发蓝质量的影响，由此采取了相应的技术措施，生产实践证明发蓝质量稳定，生产效率明显提高。     

裂齿矩形翅片板翅式换热器优化设计的分析

对裂齿矩形翅片板翅式换热器中的裂齿矩形翅片的传热效率作了分析,并以单位质量材耗的换热能力最大为目标函数,分析研究了在不同雷诺数(Re)的操作条件下裂齿矩形翅片间角度、翅片厚、长度、宽度及极厚之间的关系。结果表明:在气体换热的场合下,当Re在某一范围时翅片可有效地起到强化传热的作用。当板厚为5mm,翅片厚为3mm,翅片间夹角为45°～70°,Re为2×10~3～8×10~3,最佳翅片纵向间距与翅片长度和翅片厚度乘积的平方根的比为1.5～2.5,最佳翅片尺寸系数为3～5时,传热强化效果较好。     

Research on Marine Boiler＇s Pressurized Combustion and Heat Transfer

The effect of pressure on combustion and heat transfer is analyzed. The research is based on the basic combustion and heat transfer theorem. A correction for the heat calculation method for pressurized furnace is made on the basis of the normal pressure case. The correction takes the effect of pressurizing into account. The results show that the correction is reasonable and the method is applicable to combustion and heat transfer of the marine supercharged boiler.     

长距离温泉输水管道设计

福州市首次把城市外围的温泉水引入市区,本文简要介绍长距离温泉输水管道设计中一些做法。     

汽轮机叶片用X20Cr13钢的热处理工艺研究

采用正交试验对汽轮机叶片用X20Cr13钢进行了热处理工艺研究，以获得该钢的最佳热处理工艺，并在回火后以不同的速度冷却，以揭示冷却速度对钢的回火脆性的影响。结果，X20Cr13钢的最佳热处理工艺为900℃油淬或风冷，670℃回火，风冷。     

RMT1-250转换开关用电接触材料

铜铬锆合金是一种形变热处理材料，兼具了铜铬合金和铜锆合金的各种优良性能，经过时效处理的铜铬锆合金，与铜相比，高温强度有很大的改善，而且具有较高的导电率。所以铜铬锆合金广泛应用于电焊机、低压电器等行业。根据对铜铬锆成分的适当调整，可用作为电焊机电极，低压电器触桥、短路环等各种电接触材料。铜铬锆合金用于RMT1－250转换开关，接近于触桥材料的应用，但使用的条件更苛刻一些，要承受部分电弧的侵蚀和由此产生的高温，因此对材料要求具有良好的导电导热性和更高的高温强度。     

Critical heat flux on a flat plate heater located at the middle of a duct in forced flow of pressurized He II

Critical heat fluxes (CHFs) were measured for two types of rectangular ducts containing horizontal flat plate heaters. One has the flat plate heater of 6 mm wide and 20 mm long located on the inner lower wall at 50 mm from the inlet. The other duct has two horizontal flat plates of 6 mm wide and 20 mm long on inner upper and lower walls at 50 mm from the inlet. The equation of CHF for the forced convection containing a new nondimensional-parameter m introduced in order to calculate cross-sectionally averaged liquid temperature at the center of the duct was derived based on two fluid model, ordinary convection theorem and experimental results. It was confirmed that this correlation can describe not only the author's data on the duct but also other worker's data for channels with different shapes and sizes.